不定式的句法功能1.

用作主语To see is to believe.

眼见为实。

To talk with him is a great pleasure.

和他谈话是一件非常愉快的事。

To remember this is very important.

记住这一点很重要。

【注】为了避免头重脚轻，在许多情况下，通常都将作主语的不定式置于句子后部，而在句首使用的主语位置使用形式主语it：It’s very important to remember this.

记住这一点很重要。

It’s a pity to leave so early.

这么早走太遗憾。





2.

用作表语He seems to be ill.

他似乎有病。

Her wish is to be a teacher.

她的愿望就是当一名教师。

You are not to smoke in this room.

你不应在这个房间里吸烟。

【注】不定式作表语主要有三种情况，一是用于seem, appear, prove, turn out等连系动词之后的不定式(尤其是to be)，二是像My job is to sweep the floor(我的工作就是擦地板)这样的主语与表语“等价”的情形，三是表示想法、约定、义务、命令、可能性、命运等，再如：We are to meet at the station at three.

我们约定3点钟在车站见面。

(表约定)How are we to convince him?

我们怎么能说服他呢?

(表可能性)You are to come when I call.

叫你来的时候，你必须来。

(表命令)3.

用作宾语I can’t afford to buy a car.

我买不起汽车。

Remember to post the letter.

记住把信寄了。

I hope to be staying with you.

我希望和你住在一起。

【注】(1) 不定式不仅用作动词的宾语，还可用作个别介词(but, except)的宾语：I had no choice but to wait.

除了等，我没有别的选择。

It had no effect except to make him angry.

除惹他生气外，没产生任何效果。

(2) 当作宾语的不定式后跟有宾语补足语时，通常要用形式宾语it代替不定式，并将真正的宾语不定式置于宾语补足语之后：I find it difficult to learn Japanese well.

我感到学会日语不容易。

4.

用作宾语补足语Who taught you to drive?

谁教你开车的?

He warned me not to touch it.

他警告我不要碰它。

What caused him to change his mind?

什么使他改变主意的?

【不定式的句法功能查看网站：[db:时间]】