谈谈英语分词的逻辑主语问题 一、弄清什么是分词的逻辑主语分词属非谓语动词，即不用作谓语的动词，所以它没有真正的主语。

但是，分词作为动词的一种形式，它应有自己理论上或逻辑上的主语，即逻辑主语。

如：I often hear him singing this song.

我经常听他唱这首歌。

(him 是singing的逻辑主语)Hearing the news, he couldn’t help crying.

听到这消息，他禁不住哭了。

(he是hearing的逻辑主语)若用的是过去分词或现在分词的被动式，则上面提到的逻辑主语实为“逻辑宾语”。

如：I often hear this song sung.

我经常听到有人唱这首歌。

(this song是sung的逻辑主语，但是sing 的逻辑宾语)I saw her being taken to the operating room.

我看见她被送到手术室。

(her是being taken 的逻辑主语，但是take 的逻辑宾语)二、弄清分词逻辑主语的易错点分词作状语，它的逻辑主语通常应是句子的主语，否则会出错。

请看下题：1.

Finding her car stolen, ______.

A.

a policeman was asked to helpB.

the area was searched thoroughlyC.

it was looked for everywhere D.

she hurried to a policeman for help此题答案应选D，因为句首用作状语的现在分词短语finding her car stolen 的逻辑主语应是“她”，而不是 a policeman, the area, it 等。

在使用分词的逻辑主语时还要注意根据句意判断是主动还是被动。

如：2.

_____ many times, he still didn’t understand it.

A.

Having been told B.

Though to be toldC.

Having told D.

He was told根据句意，he 与 tell 应是被动关系。

从时间上看，应该是“被告诉”在先，“没有理解”在后，故选A。

比较下题由于句中用了并列连词but，情况有所不同：3.

_____ many times, but he still didn’t understand it.

A.

Having been told B.

Though he was toldC.

To have been told D.

He was told此题答案选D，句中的并列连词 but 表明整个句子为并列句，同时表明 but 前应是一个独立的句子，而不能是一个非谓语动词短语(所以不能选A或C)。

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